せ JLPT N1 Vocabulary

Kana せ

1. 精神疾患 せいしんしっかん Mental illness; psychiatric disorder. A clinically significant disturbance in cognition, emotion, or behaviour.
2. 潜伏期 せんぷくき Incubation period; latent period. The interval between exposure to a pathogen and the appearance of first symptoms.
3. 背負い込む せおいこむ To take on; to shoulder; to burden oneself with. To voluntarily or involuntarily assume a heavy responsibility or obligation.
4. 塞き止める せきとめる To dam up; to block; to hold back; to stem. To stop the flow of something by placing an obstruction.
5. 迫る せまる To approach; to draw near; to press; to urge. To come close threateningly or urgently, or to demand something insistently.
6. 攻め入る せめいる To invade; to attack; to charge into. To enter enemy territory or a place aggressively in an offensive manoeuvre.
7. 折衝 せっしょう Negotiation; bargaining; give-and-take between parties with differing interests.
8. 整合性 せいごうせい Consistency; coherence; integrity. The property of being internally consistent and free of contradictions.
9. 生成 せいせい Generation; creation; formation; production. The process by which something comes into being.
10. 積分 せきぶん Integration; integral calculus. The mathematical operation of finding the integral of a function, used to calculate areas, volumes, and a...
11. 説得 せっとく Persuasion; convincing someone to accept a viewpoint or take a course of action. Implies sustained effort to change another's mind or beh...
12. 切々 せつせつ Earnestly; passionately; pleadingly. Describes an appeal or expression that conveys deep emotion and sincerity, often with a sense of des...
13. 煽動 せんどう Incitement; agitation; instigation; deliberately stirring up emotions or actions in a crowd, often for political or inflammatory purposes.
14. 清流 せいりゅう Clear stream; limpid river. A river or stream with beautifully transparent, clean water, typically found in mountainous or forested areas.
15. 脊椎 せきつい Spine; vertebra; backbone. The series of vertebrae forming the central axis of the skeletal system in vertebrate animals.
16. 節足動物 せっそくどうぶつ Arthropod. An invertebrate animal with an exoskeleton, segmented body, and jointed limbs, including insects, crustaceans, arachnids, and ...
17. 扇状地 せんじょうち Alluvial fan; fan-shaped plain. A fan-shaped deposit of sediment formed where a fast-flowing stream loses velocity upon entering a flatla...
18. 世紀末 せいきまつ End of a century; fin de siècle. Used both literally for the close of a century and figuratively for a mood of decadence, pessimism, or c...
19. 節気 せっき Solar term; one of the 24 seasonal divisions of the traditional East Asian lunisolar calendar. Marks specific astronomical and agricultur...
20. 刹那 せつな An instant; a fleeting moment; the smallest perceptible unit of time. Often used to convey the transient, irretrievable nature of a singl...
21. 戦後 せんご Post-war; the period following a war. In Japanese, almost always refers specifically to the period after World War II (1945 onwards).
22. 戦前 せんぜん Pre-war; the period before a war. In Japanese, typically refers to Japan before World War II, particularly before 1937 or 1941.
23. 精悍 せいかん Tough; spirited; sharp-featured; keenly focused. Describes a face or bearing that conveys fierce determination, alertness, and vitality.
24. 精緻 せいち Precise; meticulous; elaborate; finely detailed. Describes work, analysis, or craftsmanship executed with exceptional care and exactitude.
25. 清廉 せいれん Upright; incorruptible; clean-handed; morally pure. Describes a person who is completely free from self-interest, bribery, or moral corru...
26. 鮮烈 せんれつ Vivid; striking; brilliant; leaving a powerful impression. Describes something so intense and clear that it burns itself indelibly into m...
27. 設備投資 せつびとうし Capital investment; plant and equipment investment. Expenditure on physical assets to expand or maintain production capacity.
28. 専売 せんばい Exclusive sale; monopoly sale; government monopoly. The sole right to manufacture and sell a product.
29. 正座 せいざ The formal Japanese sitting posture on one's knees; seiza. Sitting with legs folded under, buttocks resting on the heels.
30. 精読 せいどく Close reading; careful reading; intensive reading. The practice of reading a text slowly and attentively to fully understand its meaning,...
31. 正本 せいほん Authentic text; authorised version; fair copy. The definitive, officially sanctioned version of a manuscript or document, as opposed to a...
32. 碩学 せきがく Great scholar; erudite person; polymath. An individual of vast and profound learning across multiple domains of knowledge.
33. 世話物 せわもの Domestic drama; contemporary-life play. A genre of kabuki or puppet theatre depicting the everyday lives of common people in the Edo period.
34. 川柳 せんりゅう Senryū; humorous 17-syllable poem. A form of Japanese short poetry sharing the 5-7-5 syllable structure of haiku, but focusing on human n...
35. 請願 せいがん Petition; appeal; request. A formal written request submitted by citizens to a government body seeking a specific action or remedy.
36. 政局 せいきょく Political situation; political developments. The current state of political affairs, especially as it relates to the stability or flux of...
37. 政権交代 せいけんこうたい Change of government; regime change. A transfer of executive power from one party or coalition to another, typically following an election.
38. 政商 せいしょう Politically connected businessman; crony capitalist. A business figure who gains wealth and influence primarily through political connect...
39. 惜別 せきべつ Reluctant parting; regret at separation; sorrow at saying farewell to someone dear, especially when the parting feels premature or final.
40. 寂寥 せきりょう Loneliness; desolation; solitude. A profound, atmospheric sense of emptiness and isolation, deeper than ordinary loneliness.
41. 切望 せつぼう Earnest desire; fervent longing; craving. An intensely heartfelt wish or aspiration for something one needs or deeply wants.
42. 戦慄 せんりつ Shudder; shiver; trembling with horror or awe. An involuntary physical trembling caused by intense fear, dread, or overwhelming emotion.
43. 制定 せいてい Enactment; establishment; promulgation. The formal act of officially creating and establishing laws, regulations, or institutional systems.
44. 成文法 せいぶんほう Statute law; written law; codified law. Law that has been formally enacted and recorded in writing, as opposed to common law or customary...
45. 政変 せいへん Political upheaval; coup d'état; change of government. A sudden or forcible shift in political power or the governing regime.
46. 摂政 せっしょう Regent; regency. A person who governs in place of the monarch, typically when the monarch is a child, incapacitated, or otherwise unable ...
47. 選挙区 せんきょく Electoral district; constituency. A geographic area whose residents are entitled to elect one or more representatives to a legislative body.
48. 宣戦布告 せんせんふこく Declaration of war. The formal announcement by a state that it is entering a state of war against another nation.
49. 戦略 せんりゃく Strategy; strategic planning. A high-level plan for achieving long-term goals, especially in military, political, or business contexts.
50. 生活保護 せいかつほご Welfare; public assistance; livelihood protection. The Japanese government programme providing income support to people below the minimum...
51. 成人式 せいじんしき Coming-of-age ceremony. The official ceremony held in Japan for young people turning twenty (now eighteen).
52. 世間知らず せけんしらず Ignorant of the ways of the world; naive; inexperienced; unworldly.
53. 世間体 せけんてい Public appearances; social reputation; face; how one is perceived by society.
54. 世襲 せしゅう Hereditary succession; passing down a position, title, or business through a family lineage.
55. 世代交代 せだいこうたい Generational change; changing of the guard; the replacement of one generation by the next in leadership or culture.
56. 窃盗 せっとう Theft; larceny; stealing. The criminal act of taking another's property without consent and with intent to deprive.
57. 先住民 せんじゅうみん Indigenous people; native inhabitants; first peoples. The original inhabitants of a land before colonisation or displacement.
58. 潜入 せんにゅう Infiltration; going undercover; sneaking into a place or organisation covertly.
59. 正鵠 せいこく The mark; the bull's-eye; the precise point or truth of a matter.
60. 盛衰 せいすい Rise and fall; prosperity and decline; the cyclical fate of people, nations, and organisations.
61. 整然 せいぜん Orderly; neat; well-organised; systematic and tidy in arrangement or manner.
62. 切磋琢磨 せっさたくま Mutual improvement through friendly rivalry; striving together by competing and encouraging each other.
63. 節度 せつど Moderation; temperance; self-restraint; keeping within appropriate limits.
64. 瀬戸際 せとぎわ The brink; the verge; a critical juncture where the outcome hangs in the balance.
65. 先駆 せんく Pioneer; forerunner; precursor; someone or something that leads the way before others.
66. 千載一遇 せんざいいちぐう A once-in-a-lifetime opportunity; an extremely rare chance that may never come again.
67. 選択肢 せんたくし Choices; alternatives; options available when making a decision.
68. 千変万化 せんぺんばんか Ever-changing; infinite variety; kaleidoscopic transformation with no fixed form.