は JLPT N1 Vocabulary

Kana は

1. 廃止 はいし Abolition; repeal; discontinuation. The formal ending or removal of a law, system, custom, or service.
2. 排斥 はいせき Exclusion; boycott; rejection; ostracism. The deliberate pushing away or exclusion of a person, group, or foreign entity.
3. 犯罪率 はんざいりつ Crime rate; the statistical frequency of crimes committed within a given population or area over a set period.
4. 波長 はちょう Wavelength; the distance between successive crests or troughs in a wave. Informally, also used to mean being on the same wavelength, i.e....
5. 発散 はっさん Divergence; the spreading outward or dispersal of something, such as rays, energy, or a mathematical sequence that increases without boun...
6. 反証 はんしょう Counter-evidence; disproof; evidence or argument that contradicts or refutes a claim, hypothesis, or proposition.
7. 半導体 はんどうたい Semiconductor; a material whose electrical conductivity lies between that of a conductor and an insulator, and which can be controlled by...
8. 歯に衣着せぬ はにきぬきせぬ Outspoken; frank; not mincing words. Describes a manner of speaking that is blunt and direct without softening the message.
9. 氾濫 はんらん Flood; inundation; overflow; deluge. Water exceeding the bounds of its natural channel or container. Also used figuratively for an uncont...
10. 遥か はるか Far; distant; remote in space or time. When referring to time, evokes things long past or far in the future, often with a wistful or lyri...
11. 把握 はあく Grasp; understanding; comprehension. Firmly getting hold of a situation, concept, or set of facts with one's mind.
12. 排除 はいじょ Exclusion; removal; elimination. The act of actively removing, expelling, or excluding something from a group, system, or process.
13. 背理 はいり Absurdity; contradiction; irrationality. A conclusion or premise that contradicts reason, logic, or established truth.
14. 波及 はきゅう Spread; ripple effect; repercussion; diffusion of influence. An effect or influence that spreads outward like ripples in water.
15. 白日の下 はくじつのもと In broad daylight; publicly exposed; laid bare for all to see. Describes something being fully revealed without concealment.
16. 破綻 はたん Bankruptcy; failure; collapse; breakdown. The complete and irreversible falling apart of a system, plan, relationship, or enterprise.
17. 破竹 はちく Sweeping advance; unstoppable momentum. Progress or advance so forceful that it cannot be stopped.
18. 発露 はつろ Manifestation; expression; revelation of an inner quality. The emergence or outward expression of something internal or latent.
19. 反映 はんえい Reflection; influence; incorporation. The way something is mirrored in, or incorporated into, another thing.
20. 反響 はんきょう Echo; reverberation; repercussion; public response. The reaction or response that an event, statement, or work elicits from an audience.
21. 反骨 はんこつ Rebellious spirit; defiance; refusal to submit to authority or convention. An innate disposition to resist power or injustice.
22. 反芻 はんすう Rumination; deep pondering; chewing the cud. The act of repeatedly going over something in one's mind to extract deeper understanding.
23. 範疇 はんちゅう Category; scope; domain; range. A defined conceptual boundary or classification within which things are grouped or considered.
24. 反駁 はんばく Refutation; rebuttal; counterargument. The act of forcefully contradicting or disproving an opposing argument.
25. 反面 はんめん On the other hand; the flip side; the reverse aspect. Introduces a contrasting or opposing quality or consequence.
26. 汎用 はんよう General-purpose; versatile; universal applicability. Describes something designed or suitable for a wide range of uses.
27. 掃き掃除 はきそうじ Sweeping; cleaning with a broom. The act of using a broom to clean floors, paths, or outdoor areas.
28. 箸使い はしつかい Chopstick etiquette; the manner and skill with which one uses chopsticks.
29. 発酵食品 はっこうしょくひん Fermented food; food produced through microbial fermentation. Includes miso, soy sauce, natto, sake, and pickles.
30. 剥がす はがす To peel off; to strip; to remove a surface layer. Used when physically detaching something that is adhered or attached.
31. 剥がれる はがれる To peel off; to come off; to flake off. The intransitive counterpart of 剥がす — the subject detaches on its own.
32. 弾き出す はじきだす To flick out; to calculate and produce a figure; to exclude someone. Has distinct physical, computational, and social senses.
33. 弾む はずむ To bounce; to be lively; to be in high spirits. Describes both physical rebounding and emotional buoyancy.
34. 馳せる はせる To run swiftly; to let one's thoughts or feelings fly toward something distant. The figurative sense dominates modern usage.
35. 果たす はたす To fulfil; to accomplish; to carry out completely. Implies seeing something important through to its conclusion.
36. 働きかける はたらきかける To appeal to; to approach; to work on someone; to make overtures. Implies active, purposeful effort to influence or persuade.
37. 跳ね返す はねかえす To bounce back; to repel; to deflect; to reject forcefully. Used for both physical bouncing and figurative resistance.
38. 跳ね除ける はねのける To brush aside; to push away decisively; to reject with vigour. Implies a swift, emphatic removal of an obstacle.
39. 憚る はばかる To hesitate; to refrain out of deference; to have scruples; to be afraid of causing offence. Used when social or moral considerations cau...
40. 蔓延る はびこる To spread unchecked; to flourish excessively; to run rampant; to be pervasive. Used for negative phenomena spreading beyond control.
41. はまる はまる To fit perfectly; to fall into; to become absorbed in; to be hooked on. Covers both physical fitting and habitual absorption.
42. はみ出す はみだす To protrude; to stick out beyond a boundary; to overflow; to deviate from expected norms.
43. はめる はめる To put on; to fit into place; to insert; to trick or set someone up. Has both practical and deceptive meanings.
44. はらむ はらむ To be pregnant; to harbour; to contain latent risk or potential. The figurative sense is dominant in formal writing.
45. 張り付く はりつく To stick to; to cling; to adhere tenaciously; to be glued to a spot. Used for physical clinging and metaphorical fixation.
46. 張り巡らす はりめぐらす To stretch around; to set up extensively throughout an area; to deploy a network; to lay something out comprehensively.
47. 廃業 はいぎょう Going out of business; closing down; ceasing operations. The permanent cessation of a business or professional practice.
48. 儚い はかない Fleeting; transient; ephemeral; vain. Describes something beautiful or meaningful that is destined to disappear quickly.
49. 歯がゆい はがゆい Frustrating; irritating; tantalising. Describes the feeling of watching something go wrong when you are powerless to intervene, or of bei...
50. はしたない はしたない Improper; unbecoming; indecent; vulgar. Describes behaviour or language that violates social propriety or dignity.
51. はつらつ はつらつ Lively; vigorous; vivacious; spirited. Describes someone radiating energy, vitality, and cheerful vigour.
52. 華々しい はなばなしい Brilliant; spectacular; splendid; glorious. Describes an achievement, debut, or moment of remarkable distinction and brilliance.
53. 腹黒い はらぐろい Scheming; wicked; black-hearted; malicious. Describes someone who conceals sinister or self-serving intentions beneath a pleasant exterior.
54. 腹立たしい はらだたしい Irritating; infuriating; provoking; maddening. Describes something that makes one feel deeply angry or exasperated.
55. 晴れやか はれやか Bright; radiant; cheerful; beaming. Describes a face, mood, or atmosphere that is open, clear, and joyful — like a sunny day after clouds.
56. 半端ない はんぱない Incredible; extraordinary; extreme; no joke. An emphatic colloquial expression meaning something is beyond ordinary measure — intensely so.
57. 背任 はいにん Breach of trust; malfeasance. The act of a person in a position of trust deliberately acting against the interests of those they represent.
58. 発注 はっちゅう Placing an order; ordering goods or services; commissioning work from a supplier or contractor.
59. 反落 はんらく A price decline following a rally; pullback; reversal. A reactive fall in prices after a period of gains.
60. 販路 はんろ Sales channel; distribution route; market outlet through which products reach consumers.
61. 歯痒さ はがゆさ Frustration; vexation; the feeling of helpless irritation. The noun form expressing the sustained state of being unable to act or resolve...
62. 吐き気 はきけ Nausea; a sensation of wanting to vomit. Also used figuratively to describe intense disgust or revulsion.
63. 腹に据えかねる はらにすえかねる To be unable to contain one's anger; to be so furious that one can no longer hold it in.
64. 張り合い はりあい Motivation; a sense of purpose that makes effort feel worthwhile; something to strive for.
65. 煩悶 はんもん Anguish; agony; tormenting worry that one cannot resolve or escape.
66. 俳諧 はいかい Haikai; the tradition of comic linked verse from which haiku emerged; the broader literary culture of playful collaborative poetry.
67. 俳句 はいく Haiku; a traditional Japanese poem of 17 syllables in three lines (5-7-5), typically evoking nature, a season, and a single vivid moment.
68. 廃語 はいご An obsolete word; a term that has fallen completely out of active use and is no longer understood by contemporary speakers without specia...
69. 稗史 はいし Unofficial history; a historical narrative that blends fact with fiction to tell stories outside the official record, particularly the li...
70. 俳壇 はいだん The haiku world; the community of haiku poets along with the literary circles, journals, competitions, and institutions they form.
71. 博識 はくしき Erudition; encyclopaedic knowledge; the quality of being exceptionally well-read and widely informed across many fields.
72. 排外 はいがい Xenophobia; exclusionism; hostility towards or systematic rejection of foreigners and foreign influence.
73. 覇権 はけん Hegemony; supremacy; preponderant political, military, or economic dominance exercised by one power over others.
74. 派閥 はばつ Faction; clique; an organised sub-group within a larger political party or institution that advances its own interests.
75. 反政府 はんせいふ Anti-government; pertaining to organised opposition or armed resistance to the current governing authority.
76. 反体制 はんたいせい Anti-establishment; opposition to the existing social, political, or cultural order as a whole.
77. 判例 はんれい Judicial precedent; a court ruling, particularly of a superior court, that serves as an authoritative reference for interpreting law in s...