裏表

Japanese Slang Japanese ★★★★ 4/5 casual うらおもてuraomote
读法 うらおもて
罗马字 uraomote
汉字拆解 裏 (back/hidden/reverse) + 表 (front/surface/public) → having a hidden back side and a visible front side
发音 /ɯ.ɾa.o.mo.te/

含义

两面派——有一个与公开形象相矛盾的隐藏面孔。

虽然本音/建前(真心话/场面话)是被社会接受的规范,但裏表带有更负面的评判——意味着一个人不是单纯维持社交和谐,而是故意欺骗。被说成裏表がある(有两副面孔)是对人品的严厉批评。相反,裏表がない(表里如一)是日本文化中最高的赞美之一。

例句

  1. あの人裏表ありすぎて信用できない。 那个人太两面派了,完全不能信任。
  2. 裏表がない人って本当に貴重だよね。 表里如一的人真的很珍贵啊。
  3. 裏表が激しい人とは一緒に仕事したくない。 反差太大的两面派,真不想跟这种人一起工作。

用法指南

语境: character assessment, gossip, trust discussions, relationships

语气: critical, cautionary

正确说法

  • 她表里如一,很好相处(She has no hidden side — easy to get along with)
  • 两面派的人要小心提防(You should be careful around two-faced people)

错误说法

  • 当面对人说'你很两面派'是要吵架的节奏(Telling someone to their face 'you're two-faced' will start a fight)

常见错误

  • Confusing 裏表 with normal 本音/建前 — 建前 is expected social behaviour, while 裏表 implies deliberate deceit
  • Assuming 裏表がない is always positive in professional settings — some degree of filtering is expected

起源与历史

From 裏 (back/hidden/reverse) + 表 (front/surface/public) — literally 'back and front.' The metaphor of having two different sides predates modern usage, rooted in the cultural awareness of 本音/建前 duality taken to a negative extreme.

文化背景

时代: Long-standing character assessment concept

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal

地区说明: Used across all of Japan. 裏表がない (no hidden side) is considered one of the highest character compliments.

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