常識
Japanese
Slang
Japanese
★★★★★ 5/5
neutral
じょうしきjōshiki
读法
じょうしき
罗马字
jōshiki
汉字拆解
常 (constant/ordinary) + 識 (knowledge/awareness) → ordinary knowledge, common sense
发音
/dʑoː.ɕi.ki/
含义
常识——但在日本,常常被当作社会工具来强制推行从众和潜规则。
虽然词典定义只是'常识',但常识在实际中充当着强大的社会规训机制。说某件事是常识意味着'大家都知道',并暗示你也应该知道。它经常被用来压制讨论、强制从众或羞辱行为不同的人。'常识でしょ'('这是常识吧?')这句话尤其具有杀伤力,隐含着'你有什么问题?'的意味。
例句
- それくらい常識でしょって言われると腹立つ。 被人说'这种事是常识吧'的时候真的很火大。
- 日本の常識は海外の非常識ってよく言うよね。 常说日本的常识就是海外的非常识嘛。
- 常識を疑うことから新しい発想が生まれる。 质疑常识才能产生新的想法。
用法指南
语境: everyday conversation, workplace, social media
语气: assertive, sometimes condescending
正确说法
- 作为职场人应有的常识还是要掌握的(Let's acquire the common sense expected of working adults)
- 不被常识束缚的想法很重要(Ideas that aren't bound by common sense are important)
错误说法
- 对外国人说'这是常识吧'既不通又失礼(Saying 'it's common sense' to foreigners doesn't work and is rude)
常见错误
- Not realising that 常識 varies by culture — what is 'common sense' in Japan may not be elsewhere
- Using 常識でしょ too aggressively, which sounds condescending and shuts down conversation
起源与历史
Originally a straightforward term meaning shared knowledge, 常識 gained its socially loaded dimension through Japan's emphasis on group harmony and unwritten social codes. The famous saying 日本の常識は世界の非常識 (Japan's common sense is the world's nonsense) captures its cultural specificity.
文化背景
时代: Timeless concept with increasing social commentary in modern era
世代: All ages
社会背景: Universal
地区说明: Used across all of Japan. One of the most culturally significant everyday words in Japanese.
相关短语
在 WordLoci 上练习
闪卡、测验、音频发音和间隔重复