借金

Japanese Slang Japanese ★★★★★ 5/5 neutral しゃっきんshakkin
读法 しゃっきん
罗马字 shakkin
汉字拆解 借 (borrow, lend) + 金 (money, gold) → borrowed money; debt
发音 /ɕak.kiɴ/

含义

债务;借来的、需要偿还的钱——在日本社会背负着沉重的社会污名。

借金是日本社会中污名化最严重的词汇之一。虽然房贷和学生贷款是存在的,但个人借金(尤其是从消费者金融即消费金融公司借的)带有强烈的羞耻感。避免负债的文化根深蒂固——欠债被视为个人的失败。这种污名可能阻止人们寻求帮助。在社交媒体上,借金返済(还债之路)既是忏悔式内容也是警示故事。多重債务(多重债务)和自己破産(个人破产)等话题是严肃的社会问题。

例句

  1. 借金あるって友達にも言えないし、一人で抱え込んでてつらい。 有债务这件事连朋友都没法说,一个人扛着真的很痛苦。
  2. 借金返し終わったときの解放感は半端なかった。 还清债务那一刻的解脱感简直无法形容。
  3. 若いころの借金がまだ残ってて、利息がやばいことになってる。 年轻时欠的债还没还完,利息已经滚到了可怕的地步。

用法指南

语境: daily conversation, financial planning, social media, news

语气: serious, stigmatized

正确说法

  • 债务最好尽早还清,因为利息会越滚越多。(You should pay off debt early — interest keeps growing.)
  • 如果有债务的话不要一个人扛,去找人咨询比较好。(If you have debt, don't struggle alone — talk to someone.)

错误说法

  • 直接问别人'你有债务吗?'是非常失礼的(Directly asking someone 'Do you have debt?' is extremely rude in Japan due to the strong stigma)

常见错误

  • Treating 借金 as casually as English 'debt' — in Japanese, 借金 carries significantly more shame and stigma than the English equivalent. Using it lightly can be insensitive

起源与历史

From 借 (borrow) + 金 (money/gold). A standard Japanese word with deep cultural weight. Japan's historical emphasis on financial independence and the shame culture around debt make this word particularly loaded.

文化背景

时代: Ancient concept, modern consumer debt issues from 1990s bubble collapse

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal, but stigma is particularly strong

地区说明: Used across all of Japan. Japan has free debt consultation services (多重債務相談) and legal aid for 自己破産 (personal bankruptcy). The stigma around 借金 can delay people seeking help.

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