自虐

• 读法: じぎゃく
• 罗马字: jigyaku
• 汉字拆解: 自 (self) + 虐 (torment/abuse) → self-torment, putting oneself down
• 发音: /dʑi.ɡʲa.kɯ/

含义

自嘲——贬低自己，通常是为了搞笑或转移注意力。

自虐是日本广泛使用的社交策略——在别人吐槽你之前先自己吐槽自己。它与謙遜（谦虚）有重叠，但更主动、往往也更夸张。自虐ネタ（自嘲段子）是日本喜剧的固定节目，社交媒体上也到处是关于自己单身、穷、生活一团糟的自嘲帖子。

例句

1. 自虐ばっかりだと心配になるからほどほどにね。 老是自嘲的话会让人担心的，适可而止啊。
2. 自虐で笑いを取るのがあの人のスタイル。 靠自嘲来博笑是那个人的风格。
3. また自虐始まった、本当はそんなこと思ってないくせに。 又开始自嘲了，其实你心里根本不那么想吧。

用法指南

语境: comedy, social media, self-introduction, casual conversation

语气: humorous, self-deprecating

正确说法

• 你用自嘲来活跃气氛的本事真强（You're good at lightening the mood with self-deprecating jokes）
• 自嘲适可而止，不然自我认同感真的会下降的（If you don't moderate your self-deprecation, your self-esteem will actually drop）

错误说法

• 对真正在烦恼的人不要一句'你不过是自嘲吧'就轻飘飘带过（Don't dismiss genuinely troubled people by saying 'oh, you're just being self-deprecating'）

常见错误

• Not recognising when 自虐 crosses from humour to genuine self-loathing — the line can be thin
• Trying to match Japanese-level self-deprecation as a foreigner — it can come across as fishing for compliments rather than genuine humour

起源与历史

From 自 (self) + 虐 (torment/abuse) — literally 'self-torment.' While the kanji suggest severity, modern usage is predominantly humorous. Self-deprecation has long been a favoured comedy style in Japanese culture.

文化背景

时代: Long-standing comedy tradition, amplified by social media

世代: All ages (especially prominent online)

社会背景: Universal

地区说明: Used across all of Japan. Self-deprecating humour is a dominant style in Japanese comedy and social media culture.