J Chinese Grammar Advanced

Pinyin J

1. 进一步 (further) jìnyībù Indicates taking something one step further or advancing to a deeper level. It is used before a verb to express progression, deepening, o...
2. 几乎 (nearly/almost) jīhū Expresses that something is very close to a certain state or action, meaning 'nearly' or 'almost.' When used with 都, it emphasizes that t...
3. 尽量 (as much as possible) jǐnliàng Used before a verb or adjective to express making one's best effort within given constraints, meaning 'as much as possible' or 'try one's...
4. 简直 (simply/absolutely) jiǎnzhí The adverb 简直 means 'simply,' 'absolutely,' or 'practically' and is used to express that something has reached an extreme or exaggerated ...
5. 就 (limiting scope) jiù 就 (jiù) can be used to limit or narrow the scope of a statement, meaning 'just' or 'only regarding.' In this usage, 就 restricts the subje...
6. 兼 (concurrently / at the same time) jiān 兼 (jiān) indicates that a subject simultaneously holds two roles, possesses two qualities, or performs two functions at the same time. It...
7. 居然 vs 反而 (unexpectedly) jūrán / fǎn'ér 居然 (jūrán) expresses pure surprise that something happened contrary to expectations, while 反而 (fǎn'ér) emphasizes that the outcome is spe...
8. 尽管 (feel free to) jǐnguǎn 尽管 (jǐnguǎn) as an adverb means 'feel free to' or 'go ahead and.' It encourages the listener to do something without hesitation, worry, o...
9. 将 / 将要 / 将会 (will) jiāng 将 (jiāng), 将要 (jiāngyào), and 将会 (jiānghuì) all indicate that something will happen in the future. They are more formal than 要 or 会 alone...
10. 鉴于 (in light of) jiànyú 鉴于 (jiànyú) means 'in light of,' 'in view of,' or 'considering.' It introduces a known fact or observation that serves as the basis for a...
11. 就是⋯⋯也 (even if) jiù shì The pattern 就是⋯⋯也⋯⋯ (jiù shì...yě...) expresses 'even if' a hypothetical extreme scenario occurs, the outcome in the main clause remains ...
12. 就算⋯⋯也 (even if) jiù suàn The pattern 就算⋯⋯也⋯⋯ (jiù suàn...yě...) means 'even if' or 'even supposing that.' It introduces a hypothetical concession — acknowledging ...
13. 假如⋯⋯就 (if...then) jiǎ rú The pattern 假如⋯⋯就⋯⋯ (jiǎ rú...jiù...) means 'if...then' and introduces a hypothetical condition and its expected result. It is more forma...
14. 假使⋯⋯就 (if...then) jiǎ shǐ The pattern 假使⋯⋯就⋯⋯ (jiǎ shǐ...jiù...) means 'if' or 'supposing that' and introduces a hypothetical condition with its resulting conseque...
15. Verb as Result Complement jiéguǒ bǔyǔ Advanced result complements use a second verb (rather than a simple adjective) after the main verb to describe the outcome or result of a...