～も～ば～も～

Japanese Grammar Advanced Japanese ★★★ 3/5 neutral もばもmo ~ ba ~ mo ~
読み もばも
ローマ字 mo ~ ba ~ mo ~
形 A + も + V ば-form / Adj-ければ / Noun であれば + B + も + V / Adj / Noun

意味

A structure meaning 'not only ~ but also ~,' used to present two or more representative examples of actions, states, or qualities to illustrate a broader pattern or give a comprehensive picture.

～も～ば～も～ lists multiple items or actions that coexist, using the ば conditional form purely as a connective device rather than to express a true condition. Both sides contribute to a single impression — whether wholly positive, wholly negative, or mixed. The pattern emphasises that the subject does or is multiple things simultaneously. It differs from ～し～し in that it feels more structured and emphatic. The verb before ば is in the hypothetical form, and the second verb is in its dictionary or ます form. When used with nouns and adjectives, the pattern becomes ～もあれば～もある or ～もよければ～もよい.

例文

  1. 彼は料理も作れば掃除もこなす、家庭的な人だ。
  2. あの選手はスピードもあれば技術もある。
  3. 今学期は試験もあればレポートもあって、息つく暇がない。

使い方ガイド

場面: spoken, written, descriptive

トーン: enumerative

正しい言い方

  • 週末は読書もすれば映画も観る。
  • この仕事はやりがいもあれば苦労もある。
  • 彼は冗談も言えば真剣な話もできる人だ。

避ける言い方

  • 彼は走りもすれば。(Using only one side of the pattern without the second も clause) → 彼は走りもすれば泳ぎもする。
  • 水も飲めば寝る。(Omitting も from the second clause, breaking the parallel structure) → 水も飲めば食事もとる。

起源と歴史

This pattern combines the inclusive particle も with the ば conditional form. While ば typically marks a condition, here it functions as a conjunctive, a usage that developed in early modern Japanese to enumerate coexisting qualities or actions.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal

関連フレーズ

どちらかと言うと A phrase meaning 'if anything,' 'rather,' or 'if I had to choose,' used when the speaker hedges before stating a mild preference or leaning. It softens the assertion that follows. むしろ An adverb meaning 'rather' or 'instead,' used when the speaker chooses or recommends one option over another. It implies that the chosen alternative is more appropriate, preferable, or accurate than what was previously stated or assumed. ～やら～やら A structure meaning 'things like ~ and ~,' used to list examples of things, events, or actions — often with a sense of being overwhelmed, uncertain, or unable to sort through everything clearly. かのように A conjunctive phrase meaning 'as if' or 'as though,' used to form an adverbial clause describing the manner in which something appears or is done, despite not actually being the case. 割に（は） A phrase meaning 'considering' or 'for (the degree of),' used to express that the result or situation is disproportionate to what one would expect. It highlights a gap between expectation and reality. 反面 A conjunction meaning 'on the other hand' or 'while,' used to contrast the positive and negative aspects, or two opposing qualities, of the same person, thing, or situation. ～といい～といい A structure meaning 'whether it's ~ or ~,' used to introduce two representative aspects of a person or thing in order to support an overall evaluation or judgment. Both aspects point toward the same conclusion. ～と言わず～と言わず A structure meaning 'not just ~ and ~ but everywhere/everything,' indicating that something applies not only to the two examples mentioned but comprehensively, without exception.
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