Verb + 给 (transfer)

• 拼音: gěi
• 结构: Subject + Verb + 给 + Recipient + Object
• 汉字拆解: 给 = 纟(silk) + 合 (join)

含义

When 给 (gěi) follows a verb, it indicates that the action results in something being transferred to someone. The pattern specifies both the action and the recipient.

The Verb + 给 structure is used when an action involves transferring something to a recipient. Common verb combinations include 送给 (give as a gift), 卖给 (sell to), 借给 (lend to), 递给 (pass to), and 寄给 (mail to). This structure has two word orders: 'Verb + 给 + Recipient + Object' and '把 + Object + Verb + 给 + Recipient.' Learners should distinguish this from 给 used as a standalone verb meaning 'to give' and from 给 used as a preposition before a verb meaning 'for (someone's benefit).' The Verb + 给 pattern emphasizes the transfer aspect of the action.

例句

1. 她送给我一束花。
2. 我把这本书借给了同事。
3. 请把盐递给我。

用法指南

语境: spoken, written, everyday

语气: descriptive

正确说法

• 她把照片发给了所有同学。
• 老师把作业发给了学生。
• 我想把这个礼物送给你。

错误说法

• 她送了我给一束花。(给 must come directly after the verb, not after the recipient — the correct order is Verb + 给 + Recipient + Object) → 她送给我一束花。
• 我借给了他给一本书。(Do not use 给 twice — one 给 after the verb is sufficient to mark the recipient) → 我借给了他一本书。

起源与历史

The character 给 originally meant 'to supply' or 'to provide.' Its use after verbs to mark the recipient of a transfer developed naturally from this core meaning. In modern Chinese, 给 functions both as a full verb and as a grammatical particle indicating direction of transfer.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal