～にかかわらず

• Reading: にかかわらず
• Romaji: ni kakawarazu
• Formation: Noun + にかかわらず / Verb dictionary form + か + どうか + にかかわらず

Meaning

A compound particle meaning 'regardless of' or 'irrespective of.' It indicates that the result or situation remains the same no matter what the stated condition is.

にかかわらず expresses that a certain factor has no bearing on the outcome. It can follow nouns, paired opposites (ある・ないにかかわらず), or interrogative clauses (どんな～にかかわらず). The kanji can be written as 関わらず, 拘わらず, or 係わらず, though hiragana is most common. It is similar to を問わず but is broader in application — while を問わず typically lists specific categories, にかかわらず can follow more diverse structures including verb phrases. It is used in formal writing, official documents, contracts, and public announcements. In casual speech, に関係なく is preferred.

Examples

1. 結果の如何にかかわらず全力を尽くすことが大切だ。 Regardless of the outcome, it is important to give it your all.
2. 賛成か反対かにかかわらず全員の意見を聞くべきだ。 Regardless of whether you agree or disagree, we should hear everyone's opinion.
3. 天候にかかわらずイベントは予定通り開催される。 The event will be held as scheduled regardless of the weather.

Usage Guide

Context: written, official, contracts

Tone: neutral

Do Say

• 収入の多少にかかわらず確定申告が必要です。
• 成功するかどうかにかかわらず挑戦すること自体に意味がある。
• 規模の大小にかかわらずすべての企業が対象となる。

Don't Say

• 結果にかかわらなくて全力を尽くす。(Conjugating かかわらず as かかわらなくて — にかかわらず is a fixed expression and should not be altered) → 結果にかかわらず全力を尽くす。
• 彼が来るにかかわらずパーティーを始めよう。(Using にかかわらず where かどうか is missing — verb phrases require the か（どうか） question form) → 彼が来るかどうかにかかわらずパーティーを始めよう。

Origin & History

Compound of に (dative particle) and かかわらず (negative form of かかわる, to be involved/concerned with). Literally 'without being concerned with,' meaning the stated factor does not influence the outcome.

Cultural Context

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal