残缺

• ピンイン: cán quē
• 漢字の分解: 残 = 歹 (damaged/evil) + 戋 (phonetic); 缺 = 缶 (clay jar) + 夬 (phonetic, suggesting a piece broken away)

意味

欠けている、不完全だ

Used for physical objects (残缺的文物 damaged cultural relics), texts (残缺的文稿 incomplete manuscripts), and figuratively for people or situations (残缺的家庭 a broken family, 残缺感 a sense of incompleteness). The word carries a melancholy or regretful tone, implying that something valuable has been irretrievably lost. Contrasts with 完整 (complete/whole).

例文

1. 博物馆里这件残缺的青铜礼器出土于西周时期，残缺之处反而增添了历史的沧桑之感。
2. 由于早年保存不当，这批珍贵古籍大量残缺，学者们耗费数年才完成修复整理工作。
3. 她并不认为单亲家庭就是残缺的——只要有爱与陪伴，家庭便是完整的。

使い方ガイド

場面: history, culture, literature, family, psychology

トーン: melancholy

正しい言い方

• 这件残缺的陶器历经千年，依然具有极高的文物研究价值。(This incomplete piece of pottery, having survived thousands of years, still holds very high value for cultural research.)
• 他在日记里袒露了内心那种难以名状的残缺感，读来令人动容。(In his diary he laid bare the indescribable sense of incompleteness in his heart — moving to read.)

避ける言い方

• 这道菜做得很残缺。(残缺 is not used for food that turned out poorly — use 做得不好 or 卖相不太好 instead)

起源と歴史

残 (damaged/incomplete) + 缺 (lacking/missing; 缺 = 缶 clay jar + 夬 phonetic, suggesting a piece broken from a vessel). A compound emphasizing the absence of expected parts due to damage or loss.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal