残缺

• 拼音: cán quē
• 汉字拆解: 残 = 歹 (damaged/evil) + 戋 (phonetic); 缺 = 缶 (clay jar) + 夬 (phonetic, suggesting a piece broken away)

含义

Incomplete; damaged; missing parts. Describes something that was once whole but now lacks elements due to damage, deterioration, or loss.

Used for physical objects (残缺的文物 damaged cultural relics), texts (残缺的文稿 incomplete manuscripts), and figuratively for people or situations (残缺的家庭 a broken family, 残缺感 a sense of incompleteness). The word carries a melancholy or regretful tone, implying that something valuable has been irretrievably lost. Contrasts with 完整 (complete/whole).

例句

1. 博物馆里这件残缺的青铜礼器出土于西周时期，残缺之处反而增添了历史的沧桑之感。
2. 由于早年保存不当，这批珍贵古籍大量残缺，学者们耗费数年才完成修复整理工作。
3. 她并不认为单亲家庭就是残缺的——只要有爱与陪伴，家庭便是完整的。

用法指南

语境: history, culture, literature, family, psychology

语气: melancholy

正确说法

• 这件残缺的陶器历经千年，依然具有极高的文物研究价值。(This incomplete piece of pottery, having survived thousands of years, still holds very high value for cultural research.)
• 他在日记里袒露了内心那种难以名状的残缺感，读来令人动容。(In his diary he laid bare the indescribable sense of incompleteness in his heart — moving to read.)

错误说法

• 这道菜做得很残缺。(残缺 is not used for food that turned out poorly — use 做得不好 or 卖相不太好 instead)

起源与历史

残 (damaged/incomplete) + 缺 (lacking/missing; 缺 = 缶 clay jar + 夬 phonetic, suggesting a piece broken from a vessel). A compound emphasizing the absence of expected parts due to damage or loss.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal