遗传

• 拼音: yí chuán
• 汉字拆解: 遗 = 辶 (movement radical) + 贵 (precious), to leave behind; 传 = 亻 (person radical) + 专 (concentrated/specialised), to transmit or pass on

含义

Heredity; genetic inheritance. The passing of physical or genetic traits from parents to children through biological processes.

Used in biological, medical, and everyday contexts. 遗传病 refers to a hereditary disease. 遗传学 is genetics as a field of study. Used colloquially when someone resembles a parent in looks or ability, e.g. 她的眼睛是遗传她妈妈的 (Her eyes take after her mother's). Distinct from 继承, which covers inheritance of property.

例句

1. 医生说这种病有可能通过遗传传给下一代。
2. 他的音乐天赋是遗传自父亲的。
3. 科学家正在研究哪些性格特点可以通过遗传影响孩子。

用法指南

语境: medicine, science, everyday

语气: neutral

正确说法

• 这个病是遗传性的，需要定期检查。(This disease is hereditary and requires regular check-ups.)
• 她的高个子是遗传自她爸爸的。(Her tall stature is inherited from her father.)

错误说法

• 说'他遗传了一栋房子'来表示继承财产 (Don't use 遗传 for inheriting property or wealth — use 继承 for legal or financial inheritance; 遗传 is specifically for passing on biological or genetic traits)

起源与历史

A compound of 遗 (to leave behind; to bequeath) and 传 (to transmit; to pass on). Together they describe the transmission of biological traits across generations.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal