家属

• 拼音: jiā shǔ
• 汉字拆解: 家 = 宀 (roof) + 豕 (pig); 属 = 尸 (body/person) + 蜀 (phonetic) — to belong to, dependent

含义

Family member; dependent; next of kin. Refers to the members of a person's immediate or close family, especially in formal or official contexts.

Often used in hospitals, government documents, military, and legal contexts to refer to the relatives or dependants of someone. 家属 implies a formal or institutional relationship, such as 病人家属 (patient's family), 烈士家属 (family of a martyr). It is more formal than 家人 and less intimate than 亲人.

例句

1. 医院通知家属尽快赶来。
2. 手术前需要家属签字同意。
3. 公司为员工家属提供了保险。

用法指南

语境: medical, legal, official, military

语气: official

正确说法

• 请通知患者家属。(Please notify the patient's family.)
• 家属可以在等候室等待。(Family members may wait in the waiting room.)

错误说法

• 我的家属是我的朋友。(Don't use 家属 for friends — it specifically refers to family or dependants, not friends. Say 我的朋友 or 我的家人.)

起源与历史

Compound of 家 (family, home) and 属 (to belong to, dependant). 家属 literally means 'those who belong to the family,' particularly in a formal or legal sense.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal