除了

• 拼音: chú le
• 汉字拆解: 除 = 阝(mound/hill) + 余 (surplus), originally meaning to clear away steps on a hill, extended to remove/except; 了 = a grammatical particle

含义

Besides; except; apart from. A preposition used to include or exclude items from a group.

Has two main patterns: 1) 除了...以外，还/也... (besides X, also Y — inclusive), 2) 除了...以外，都... (except for X, all Y — exclusive). The meaning depends on context and the following word (还/也 for inclusion, 都 for exclusion).

例句

1. 除了中文，他还会说英语和日语。
2. 除了周末，他每天都要上班。
3. 除了下雨天以外，她都坚持跑步。

用法指南

语境: everyday, comparison, listing

语气: neutral

正确说法

• 除了这个，你还有别的问题吗？(Apart from this, do you have any other questions?)
• 除了他以外，大家都同意了。(Apart from him, everyone agreed.)

错误说法

• 除了不喜欢 (Don't use 除了 before a verb phrase without the full pattern — always complete the structure with 以外 + 还/也/都)

起源与历史

Compound of 除 (to remove, to divide) and 了 (particle), functioning as a preposition meaning 'setting aside' or 'apart from.'

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal