受 + Verb/Noun (passive reception)
含义
Used to express receiving or being subjected to an action or influence, functioning as a formal passive marker. Unlike 被, which can introduce both positive and negative passives, 受 predominantly pairs with abstract nouns and set phrases, lending a more literary and formal tone.
The verb 受 meaning 'to receive' or 'to be subjected to' serves as one of Chinese's formal passive constructions. It is more constrained than 被 in two ways: first, it strongly collocates with specific abstract nouns and verbs such as 影响, 欢迎, 批评, 教育, 重视, and 限制; second, it cannot be used with concrete physical actions the way 被 can. The pattern often includes 到 (indicating the action has reached the subject) or 过 (indicating past experience). The adverb 深 frequently modifies 受 to mean 'deeply affected.' In passive constructions, the agent is often omitted, making the sentence focus on the recipient's experience. A key advanced usage is 受 + Noun + 影响 at the start of a sentence to explain a cause, as in 受天气影响 meaning 'affected by the weather.'
例句
- 这部电影受到了观众的广泛好评。
- 他从小受过严格的音乐训练。
- 她的工作态度深受同事们的尊重。
用法指南
语境: written, news, academic, formal speech
语气: descriptive
正确说法
- 他在学术界受到了高度的认可和赞赏。
- 那位老师的教学方式很受学生欢迎。
- 她年轻时受过很多挫折，但从未放弃。
- 受台风影响，所有航班都已取消。
错误说法
- 他受到了别人批评他。(受到 already introduces the passive object — do not add a second clause; use 受到了别人的批评 with 的 linking the agent to the action noun) → 他受到了别人的批评。
- 这家餐厅受很多人。(受 requires a complement like 欢迎, 好评, or 喜爱 to complete the meaning — 受很多人 is incomplete without specifying the received action) → 这家餐厅受很多人欢迎。
起源与历史
The character 受 originally depicted hands passing an object and meant 'to receive.' Its passive function developed from the idea of receiving an action from an external source, making it a formal alternative to 被 that emphasizes the recipient's experience rather than the agent's action.
文化背景
世代: All ages
社会背景: Universal
相关短语
闪卡、测验、音频发音和间隔重复