歳入

• Reading: さいにゅう
• Romaji: sainyuu
• Kanji breakdown: 歳 (sai) — year, fiscal year; 入 (nyū) — inflow, income, entry
• Pronunciation: /sai.ɲɯː/

Meaning

Annual government revenue; the total income received by a national or local government in a fiscal year.

The counterpart to 歳出, 歳入 refers to all revenue streams of the government over a fiscal year, including tax revenue (税収), bond issuance, and other receipts. A key concept in public finance and budget debates. When 歳出 exceeds 歳入, the shortfall must be covered by government bonds (国債). Used exclusively in public finance contexts, not for private company income.

Examples

1. 景気悪化により法人税収が落ち込み、歳入が大幅に減少した。 Due to the economic downturn, corporate tax revenue declined, causing a significant drop in government revenue.
2. 歳入と歳出のバランスを取ることが健全な財政運営の基本だ。 Balancing revenue and expenditure is the foundation of sound fiscal management.
3. 消費税率の引き上げは歳入確保の重要な手段の一つとされている。 Raising the consumption tax rate is considered one important means of securing government revenue.

Usage Guide

Context: public finance, government budget, fiscal policy, taxation

Tone: serious

Origin & History

Compound of 歳 (sai, fiscal year) and 入 (nyū, inflow/income/entry). Paired with 歳出, these two terms form the fundamental framework of public budget analysis in Japan.

Cultural Context

Era: Meiji onward

Generation: Adults

Social background: Political/Financial