立証

• Reading: りっしょう
• Romaji: rissho
• Kanji breakdown: 立 (ritsu/tatsu) — stand, establish; 証 (shou) — proof, evidence, certificate
• Pronunciation: /ɾiː.ɕoː/

Meaning

Proof; demonstration; substantiation. The act of establishing a claim through evidence, experimentation, or logical argument.

Commonly used as 立証する (Group 3 する verb). In science, 立証 requires reproducible experimental evidence and coherent argumentation. In law, 立証責任 (burden of proof) determines which party must provide evidence. Distinguished from 証明 (formal mathematical proof), 立証 implies empirical demonstration through concrete evidence rather than pure logical deduction.

Examples

1. この理論が正しいと立証するには、複数の独立した実験で再現性を示す必要がある。 To prove this theory correct, it is necessary to demonstrate reproducibility across multiple independent experiments.
2. 被告の無実を立証するための新たな証拠が裁判中に提出された。 New evidence to prove the defendant's innocence was submitted during the trial.
3. 長年の仮説が実験によって立証された瞬間、研究室に歓声が上がった。 The moment a long-standing hypothesis was proved by experiment, cheers broke out in the laboratory.

Usage Guide

Context: science, law, academia, research

Tone: analytical

Origin & History

Compound of 立 (establish, set up) + 証 (proof, evidence). Together they convey the active process of setting up evidence that verifies a claim — establishing something as proven.

Cultural Context

Era: Classical–Modern

Generation: Adults

Social background: Academic/Legal