代謝

• Reading: たいしゃ
• Romaji: taisha
• Kanji breakdown: 代 (dai/ka-) — substitute, replace; 謝 (sha/ayama-) — decline, repay, renew
• Pronunciation: /ta.i.ɕa/

Meaning

Metabolism; the set of biochemical reactions that sustain life in an organism. Also used figuratively to mean renewal or turnover within a system.

A noun covering both anabolism (building molecules) and catabolism (breaking them down). In everyday usage, 基礎代謝 (basal metabolic rate) is commonly discussed in health contexts. Figuratively, 新陳代謝 refers to the natural cycle of renewal in organisations or societies.

Examples

1. 運動を続けることで基礎代謝が高まり、太りにくい体質になる。 Continuing to exercise raises your basal metabolism, making it harder to gain weight.
2. 細胞の代謝を制御する酵素の働きを分子レベルで解明した。 The function of enzymes that control cellular metabolism was elucidated at the molecular level.
3. 冬は体の代謝が低下しがちなので、意識的に体を動かすことが大切だ。 Since metabolism tends to slow down in winter, it's important to consciously stay physically active.

Usage Guide

Context: biology, medicine, health, biochemistry

Tone: neutral

Origin & History

From Chinese-derived compounds: 代 (dai — substitute, replace) and 謝 (sha — decline, retire). Together they convey the idea of old material being replaced by new, reflecting the biological process of renewal.

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal