~かもしれない (possibility)
Meaning
Expresses the speaker's acknowledgement that something might be the case, without certainty. It translates as 'might,' 'may,' or 'perhaps.' It conveys a lower degree of certainty than だろう.
かもしれない attaches to the plain form of predicates and expresses that the speaker cannot rule out a possibility. It is weaker in certainty than だろう — the speaker is genuinely uncertain rather than leaning toward a prediction. For な-adjectives and nouns, both だ + かもしれない and stem + かもしれない are acceptable in modern Japanese. The polite form is かもしれません, and in casual speech it is often shortened to かもしれない → かもしんない → かも. This expression is frequently used to hedge statements or soften assertions in conversation.
Examples
- 明日は雨が降るかもしれない。 It might rain tomorrow.
- この問題は私には難しいかもしれない。 This problem might be difficult for me.
- 彼はもう帰ったかもしれない。 He might have already gone home.
Usage Guide
Context: spoken, written, everyday
Tone: tentative
Do Say
- 電車に乗り遅れるかもしれないから走ろう。
- あの話は嘘かもしれない。
- 来週は忙しいかもしれません。
- 考えすぎかもしれないけど心配だ。
Don't Say
- 明日は雨が降るかもしれないだろう。(かもしれない and だろう are both conjecture — do not stack them together) → 明日は雨が降るかもしれない。
- 絶対に遅刻するかもしれない。(絶対 expresses certainty, which contradicts the uncertainty of かもしれない) → 遅刻するかもしれない。
Origin & History
かもしれない comes from the combination of the particle か (question), も (also/even), and 知れない (cannot know), literally meaning 'one cannot even know if.' It grammaticalised as a fixed expression of uncertainty.
Cultural Context
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Related Phrases
Flashcards, quizzes, audio pronunciation and spaced repetition