~欲しい (want something)
Meaning
Expresses the speaker's desire to have or obtain something. The desired object is marked with the particle が. It functions as an い-adjective.
欲しい describes the speaker's desire to possess something. Like たい, it is primarily used for first-person statements and second-person questions. For third-person desires, 欲しがる or 欲しがっている is used instead. It conjugates regularly as an い-adjective: 欲しくない (negative), 欲しかった (past). The desired item takes が rather than を. When asking someone of higher status what they want, お入り用ですか or similar indirect expressions are preferred over 欲しいですか.
Examples
- 新しいパソコンが欲しい。 I want a new computer.
- 何か冷たいものが欲しいです。 I want something cold to drink.
- 子供のころ犬が欲しかった。 I wanted a dog when I was a child.
Usage Guide
Context: spoken, written, everyday
Tone: expressive
Do Say
- 自分の部屋が欲しいなあ。
- 今は静かな時間が欲しいです。
- 車の免許が欲しくて教習所に通っている。
Don't Say
- 新しい靴を欲しい。(The desired object takes が, not を — use 靴が欲しい) → 新しい靴が欲しい。
- 先生は新しい辞書が欲しいです。(欲しい cannot describe a superior's desire — use indirect expressions like お入り用ですか) → 先生は新しい辞書が欲しいそうです。
Origin & History
The adjective 欲しい has roots in classical Japanese ほし, an auxiliary adjective expressing desire that was already in use during the Nara period.
Cultural Context
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Related Phrases
Flashcards, quizzes, audio pronunciation and spaced repetition