備わる

• 読み: そなわる
• ローマ字: sonawaru
• 漢字の分解: 備 (sona) — to equip, prepare, possess
• 発音: /so.na.wa.ɾɯ/

意味

To be endowed with; to be equipped with; to possess naturally. To have a quality, ability, or feature as an inherent attribute.

A Group 1 (godan) intransitive verb. 備わる describes qualities or capabilities that are inherently present in a person, thing, or system — 才能が備わる (to be endowed with talent), 安全機能が備わる (to be equipped with safety features). It emphasises that the attribute exists naturally or as a built-in part rather than being added later. Its transitive counterpart is 備える (sona-eru — to prepare, equip). 備わる often appears in formal descriptions of systems, people, and institutions.

例文

1. 彼女には生まれつき人を惹きつける魅力が備わっていると感じる。
2. 最新モデルには自動緊急ブレーキ機能が標準で備わっている。
3. 指導者に必要な資質がすべて備わっている人物は、そう多くはいない。

使い方ガイド

場面: talent, product features, leadership, nature, systems

トーン: formal to neutral

起源と歴史

Intransitive counterpart of 備える (sona-eru — to prepare, equip, install). The kanji 備 depicts a person standing near an arrow rack, suggesting readiness and provision. The intransitive 備わる focuses on the state of being equipped rather than the act of equipping.

文化的背景

時代: Traditional-Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal