恭维

• ピンイン: gōng wéi
• 漢字の分解: 恭 = 共 + 心 (respectful heart); 维 = 纟(silk) + 隹 (bird) — to bind/uphold

意味

お世辞を言う；へつらう

Carries a slightly negative or ironic connotation — implying that the praise is excessive or not entirely genuine. Differs from 称赞 (sincere praise) and 夸奖 (to commend). Often used in the pattern 说恭维话 (to say flattering words). In social settings, some degree of 恭维 is culturally expected as a form of politeness.

例文

1. 他惯于用恭维话讨好上级，却从不真正关心下属的工作状况。
2. 她明知对方是在恭维她，但内心还是感到一丝愉悦。
3. 这位评委毫不恭维，直接指出了参赛作品存在的几处严重缺陷。

使い方ガイド

場面: social interaction, workplace, interpersonal

トーン: mildly ironic

正しい言い方

• 他说了一堆恭维话，但我知道他不过是想让我帮他办事。(He said a lot of flattering things, but I knew he just wanted a favour from me.)
• 她不喜欢被人过度恭维，更希望得到真实、中肯的评价。(She dislikes being excessively flattered and prefers honest, constructive feedback.)

避ける言い方

• 将'恭维'替代'称赞'来表达真诚的赞美 — 恭维 implies insincerity or excess; for genuine praise use 称赞, 夸奖, or 赞扬

起源と歴史

恭 (respectful; reverential) + 维 (to maintain; to uphold). Historically meant to show deference; now primarily means excessive or insincere complimenting.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal