供不应求

Chinese HSK 7-9 Vocabulary Chinese ★★ 2/5 neutral gōng bù yìng qiú

ピンイン gōng bù yìng qiú

漢字の分解 供 = 亻+ 共 (to supply); 不 = negation; 应 = 广 + 人 (respond/meet); 求 = 水 variant (seek, demand)

意味

供給が需要に追いつかない（品不足）

A four-character idiom (成语) used in economics, commerce, and daily life to describe scarcity or high-demand situations. Frequently appears in news reporting, market analyses, and business discussions. The reverse — 供过于求 — describes oversupply.

例文

春节前夕，优质年货一度供不应求，电商平台纷纷提前备货。
由于研发人才短缺，高端芯片设计领域长期处于供不应求的状态。
疫情期间口罩、消毒液等防护物资严重供不应求，政府紧急扩大产能。

使い方ガイド

場面: economics, business, news, market analysis

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

节假日期间，热门景点附近的民宿一房难求，完全供不应求。(During holidays, guesthouses near popular tourist spots are in such short supply that rooms are extremely hard to find.)
该地区技术工人供不应求，企业不得不提高薪资以吸引人才。(Skilled workers in this region are in short supply, forcing companies to raise wages to attract talent.)

避ける言い方

用'供不应求'描述轻微的需求波动 — 供不应求 implies a genuine, notable scarcity; for mild fluctuations use 需求旺盛 or 销售火爆 instead

起源と歴史

供 (to supply) + 不 (not) + 应 (to meet; to respond to) + 求 (demand). Literally: supply cannot respond to demand.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal