姓氏

• Pinyin: xìng shì
• Desglose de hanzi: 姓 = 女 + 生 (maternal lineage marker in ancient China); 氏 = ancient pictograph for a clan or noble family

Significado

apellido

A more formal and specific term than 姓 alone. Used in academic, legal, and historical contexts. In Chinese culture, the surname precedes the given name and carries deep genealogical significance.

Ejemplos

1. 中国最常见的姓氏有李、王、张等，其历史渊源可追溯到数千年前。
2. 研究姓氏文化有助于深入了解古代社会的宗族制度与地域迁徙历史。
3. 申请护照时需提供姓氏的标准拼音写法，以确保与国际证件信息保持一致。

Guía de uso

Contexto: history, legal documents, culture

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 这个村落以某一姓氏为主，大多数居民同宗同源，历史悠久。(This village is dominated by a particular surname; most residents share the same ancestry, with a long history.)
• 古代姓氏制度与宗法制度密切相关，是研究中国家族文化史的重要切入点。(The ancient surname system is closely intertwined with the patriarchal system and is an important entry point for studying Chinese family cultural history.)

Incorrecto

• 我的姓氏叫李 — say 我姓李 or 我的姓氏是李; 叫 is used for full names or given names, not surnames in formal identification contexts

Origen e historia

姓 (surname — 女 + 生, tracing lineage through birth/maternal line) + 氏 (clan designation — ancient noble clan marker)

Contexto cultural

Época: Traditional to Modern

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Universal