姓氏

• 拼音: xìng shì
• 汉字拆解: 姓 = 女 + 生 (maternal lineage marker in ancient China); 氏 = ancient pictograph for a clan or noble family

含义

Surname; family name. The hereditary name passed down through generations to identify one's family lineage.

A more formal and specific term than 姓 alone. Used in academic, legal, and historical contexts. In Chinese culture, the surname precedes the given name and carries deep genealogical significance.

例句

1. 中国最常见的姓氏有李、王、张等，其历史渊源可追溯到数千年前。
2. 研究姓氏文化有助于深入了解古代社会的宗族制度与地域迁徙历史。
3. 申请护照时需提供姓氏的标准拼音写法，以确保与国际证件信息保持一致。

用法指南

语境: history, legal documents, culture

语气: neutral

正确说法

• 这个村落以某一姓氏为主，大多数居民同宗同源，历史悠久。(This village is dominated by a particular surname; most residents share the same ancestry, with a long history.)
• 古代姓氏制度与宗法制度密切相关，是研究中国家族文化史的重要切入点。(The ancient surname system is closely intertwined with the patriarchal system and is an important entry point for studying Chinese family cultural history.)

错误说法

• 我的姓氏叫李 — say 我姓李 or 我的姓氏是李; 叫 is used for full names or given names, not surnames in formal identification contexts

起源与历史

姓 (surname — 女 + 生, tracing lineage through birth/maternal line) + 氏 (clan designation — ancient noble clan marker)

文化背景

时代: Traditional to Modern

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal