封建

• 拼音: fēng jiàn
• 汉字拆解: 封 = 土 + 寸 (earth + measure — to demarcate and grant territory); 建 = 廴 + 聿 (walk + brush — to establish/build)

含义

Feudal; pertaining to feudalism. In modern usage, also describes outdated, patriarchal, or oppressively traditional attitudes and social structures.

Historically refers to the Chinese feudal system of enfeoffment (分封制). In contemporary colloquial usage, 封建 often functions as a pejorative label for patriarchal, hierarchical, or backward-looking attitudes, particularly regarding gender roles, family authority, and resistance to change.

例句

1. 五四运动的先驱们致力于彻底打破封建礼教对人们思想的束缚。
2. 在一些偏远地区，封建迷信活动依然对当地居民的生活产生着深刻影响。
3. 她的父母思想封建，坚决反对她独自出国留学。

用法指南

语境: history, social critique, gender, culture

语气: critical

正确说法

• 批判封建糟粕并不意味着否定传统文化中的一切，而是要去粗取精，传承其中的精华。(Criticising feudal dross does not mean negating all of traditional culture; rather, it means discarding the coarse and retaining the fine.)
• 她认为，强制要求女性婚后冠夫姓是一种封建思维的延续，理应受到质疑。(She believes that forcing women to take their husband's surname after marriage is a continuation of feudal thinking that should be questioned.)

错误说法

• 封建是好的 — in modern Chinese, 封建 used without historical qualification reads as unambiguously pejorative; for neutral historical discussion add 历史上的封建制度

起源与历史

封 (to enfeoff/seal/grant territory) + 建 (to establish/build) — referring to the system of granting lands and titles

文化背景

时代: Historical

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal