束縛状態

• Reading: そくばくじょうたい
• Romaji: sokubaku jōtai
• Kanji breakdown: 束 (soku/taba) — bundle, bind; 縛 (baku/shiba-) — to tie, restrain; 状 (jō) — state, form; 態 (tai) — condition, appearance
• Pronunciation: /so.kɯ.ba.kɯ.dʑoː.ta.i/

Meaning

Bound state; a physical state in which a particle or system is confined by a potential well and cannot escape to infinity. Used predominantly in quantum mechanics and atomic physics.

A compound noun combining 束縛 (confinement, bondage) and 状態 (state, condition). In physics, a bound state has negative total energy relative to the dissociated components, meaning external energy is required to separate the constituents. Contrasted with scattering states or free states.

Examples

1. 電子は原子核に引きつけられ、束縛状態で安定して存在している。 Electrons are attracted to the nucleus and exist stably in a bound state.
2. 水素原子の束縛状態のエネルギー準位はシュレーディンガー方程式で正確に求められる。 The energy levels of bound states in a hydrogen atom can be precisely determined using the Schrödinger equation.
3. 二つの粒子が束縛状態を形成するには引力ポテンシャルが十分に深い必要がある。 For two particles to form a bound state, the attractive potential must be sufficiently deep.

Usage Guide

Context: quantum mechanics, atomic physics, nuclear physics, academic writing

Tone: neutral

Origin & History

Compound of 束縛 (from 束 soku — bundle, and 縛 baku — to bind) and 状態 (jōtai — state, condition). The combination describes a physically confined configuration.

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: Academic

Social background: Specialist