~てはいられない
Meaning
A phrase meaning 'cannot afford to keep doing' or 'cannot remain in a state.' It expresses urgency — the speaker feels compelled to stop the current action or state and do something else.
てはいられない conveys that continuing a given action or remaining in a particular state is no longer viable, usually because circumstances demand a different response. It pairs with the te-form of verbs (especially verbs of state like いる, 寝る, 待つ, 遊ぶ) and emphasizes the speaker's sense of urgency or duty. The は is a contrastive particle, highlighting that 'this particular action/state' is the one that can no longer continue. In casual speech, は often contracts to ちゃ, producing ~ちゃいられない or ~ちゃいらんない. It differs from てばかりはいられない, which focuses on not being able to 'only' do something, rather than not being able to do it at all.
Examples
- 締め切りが明日に迫っているので、のんびりしてはいられない。 The deadline is tomorrow, so I cannot afford to take it easy.
- 被災地の状況を見たら、黙ってはいられなかった。 After seeing the situation in the disaster area, I could not remain silent.
- 後輩がこれほど努力しているのに、先輩として怠けてはいられない。 My juniors are working so hard that as a senior I cannot afford to slack off.
Usage Guide
Context: spoken, written, everyday
Tone: urgent
Do Say
- 試験まであと三日しかないので、遊んではいられない。
- プロジェクトが炎上しているのに、悠長に構えてはいられない。
- 自分の健康に異変を感じたら、放置してはいられない。
- 家族のためにも、いつまでも落ち込んではいられない。
Don't Say
- 毎日勉強してはいられない。(Using with a habitual action without urgency context — てはいられない requires a situation where continuing is untenable) → 試験が近いので、毎日遊んでばかりはいられない。
- 食べてはいられません。(Using polite form with いられません when the nuance calls for casual urgency — while grammatically correct, it can sound awkward without a clear formal context) → こんな状況では、悠長に食べてはいられない。
Origin & History
Formed from the te-form + は (contrastive topic) + いられない (potential negative of いる — cannot remain). The structure literally means 'cannot be in the state of doing X.'
Cultural Context
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Related Phrases
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