閏年

Japanese JLPT N1 Vocabulary Japanese ★★ 2/5 neutral うるうどしuruudoshi
読み うるうどし
ローマ字 uruudoshi
漢字の分解 閏 (jun/uruu) — intercalary, leap; 年 (nen/toshi) — year
発音 /ɯ.ɾɯː.do.ɕi/

意味

Leap year; a year with an intercalary day (29 February) added to synchronise the Gregorian calendar with the solar year.

A noun used in calendar and date-related contexts. The Gregorian calendar inserts a leap day every four years, with exceptions for century years not divisible by 400. The character 閏 (uruu) also appears in 閏月 (intercalary month in the lunar calendar). The reading うるうどし is the standard spoken form.

例文

  1. 2024年は閏年なので、2月が29日まである。
  2. 閏年に生まれた人は誕生日が4年に一度しかない。
  3. 閏年の計算には400で割り切れる年かどうかも考慮する必要がある。

使い方ガイド

場面: calendar, dates, mathematics, astronomy

トーン: neutral

起源と歴史

The character 閏 derives from the Chinese concept of intercalation — adding extra days or months to keep calendars aligned with astronomical cycles. The native Japanese reading うるう is thought to relate to 潤う (to be plentiful, to overflow), reflecting abundance of time.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal

関連フレーズ

年度 Fiscal year; academic year; official year. A defined annual period used for administrative, educational, or financial purposes, often not aligned with the calendar year. 昭和 The Shōwa era; the imperial reign period of Emperor Hirohito, spanning 1926 to 1989. One of the longest and most historically eventful eras in Japanese history. 歴史的 Historic; historical. Describes something of great historical significance, or something related to history in general. 元号 Era name; the official name given to a reign period in the Japanese imperial system. Japan currently uses the era Reiwa, which began in 2019. 干支 The Chinese zodiac; the traditional sexagenary cycle combining the ten Heavenly Stems and twelve Earthly Branches. Also used colloquially to refer to one's zodiac animal sign. 年号 Era name; Japanese era designation. An official name given to a reign period in the traditional Japanese calendar system. 年度末 End of the fiscal year or academic year; year-end in the Japanese administrative calendar. Typically refers to late March. 戦前 Pre-war; the period before a war. In Japanese, typically refers to Japan before World War II, particularly before 1937 or 1941.
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