再審

• 読み: さいしん
• ローマ字: saishin
• 漢字の分解: 再 (sai) — again, re-; 審 (shin) — scrutinise, deliberate
• 発音: /sa.i.ɕiɴ/

意味

Retrial; review; rehearing. The reopening of a concluded legal case in light of new evidence or judicial error.

A formal legal procedure allowing a convicted person to request a new trial when substantial new evidence emerges or procedural violations are identified. In Japan, 再審 cases — particularly those involving capital punishment — have attracted significant public attention, with several death row inmates eventually acquitted after decades of wrongful imprisonment. The term is also used more broadly in administrative contexts to mean a second review of a decision.

例文

1. 無実を主張し続けた死刑囚が、証拠の再鑑定をきっかけに再審無罪となった。
2. 弁護団は新たなDNA鑑定結果をもとに裁判所に再審請求を申し立てた。
3. 冤罪被害者を救うためには、再審制度の運用をより柔軟にすることが求められている。

使い方ガイド

場面: law, criminal justice, journalism, human rights

トーン: neutral

起源と歴史

Compound of 再 (sai, again, re-) and 審 (shin, deliberate, scrutinise). The character 審 depicts careful, thorough examination. Together they signify a second thorough judicial scrutiny of a matter already decided.

文化的背景

時代: Meiji–Modern

世代: Adults

社会的背景: Educated