金融引き締め

• 読み: きんゆうひきしめ
• ローマ字: kinyu hikishime
• 漢字の分解: 金 (kin) — money; 融 (yu) — flow; 引 (hiki) — pull; 締 (shime) — tighten, clamp
• 発音: /kin.jɯː.çi.ki.ɕi.me/

意味

Monetary tightening; credit squeeze. A central bank policy of tightening monetary conditions, typically by raising interest rates or reducing the money supply, to curb inflation.

The opposite of 金融緩和. 金融引き締め makes borrowing more expensive, cooling demand and curbing inflation. The US Federal Reserve's aggressive rate hikes in 2022–2023 are a prominent recent example of rapid 金融引き締め. Excessive tightening risks triggering a recession — central banks must balance inflation control against growth. 利上げ (rate hike) is the most common specific measure.

例文

1. インフレ抑制のため、中央銀行は急速な金融引き締めへと方針を転換した。
2. 金融引き締めが進むにつれ、企業の借り入れコストが着実に上昇し始めた。
3. 過度な金融引き締めは景気を冷やしすぎるとして、市場では警戒感が高まっている。

使い方ガイド

場面: monetary policy, central banking, macroeconomics, inflation control

トーン: technical

起源と歴史

Compound of 金融 (finance) and 引き締め (tightening, drawing tight — 引く to pull + 締める to tighten). The physical image of pulling a rope tight captures the restrictive nature of the policy.

文化的背景

時代: Post-war–Modern

世代: Adults

社会的背景: Academic/Finance