揮発

• 読み: きはつ
• ローマ字: kihatsu
• 漢字の分解: 揮 (ki) — to emit, to brandish; 発 (hatsu) — to discharge, to emit
• 発音: /ki.ha.tsɯ/

意味

Volatilisation; evaporation. The process by which a substance changes from liquid or solid phase to vapour at relatively low temperatures.

A chemistry and materials science term describing the tendency of a substance to escape into the gas phase. 揮発性 (volatility) is a key property: 揮発性有機化合物 (VOC — volatile organic compounds) are a major environmental and public health concern. 揮発油 (volatile oil, gasoline) is an older term for petrol/gasoline. High volatility means a substance evaporates readily at room temperature. The opposite tendency is described as 不揮発性 (non-volatile). The verb form is 揮発する.

例文

1. エタノールはアルコールの中でも特に揮発性が高く、常温で急速に蒸発する。
2. 塗料に含まれる揮発性有機化合物は、換気の悪い室内で健康被害を引き起こすことがある。
3. その化合物は揮発しやすいため、密閉容器に保存する必要がある。

使い方ガイド

場面: chemistry, materials science, environmental science, occupational health

トーン: technical, academic

起源と歴史

Sino-Japanese compound: 揮 (ki) — to brandish, to emit + 発 (hatsu) — to discharge, to emit. The character 揮 carries a sense of releasing or dispersing outward. Used in Japanese chemistry since the Meiji era to translate the concept of 'volatility' and 'volatilisation'.

文化的背景

時代: Meiji-Modern

世代: Adult

社会的背景: Educated