不良債権

• 読み: ふりょうさいけん
• ローマ字: furyōsaiken
• 漢字の分解: 不 (fu) — not; 良 (ryō/yoi) — good; 債 (sai) — debt, obligation; 権 (ken) — right, claim
• 発音: /ɸɯ.ɾjoː.sa.i.ken/

意味

Non-performing loan (NPL); bad debt. A loan or receivable where repayment is unlikely due to the borrower's default or financial distress.

Loans where the borrower has stopped making payments or where full recovery is considered doubtful. A major concern for banking stability; Japan's 1990s financial crisis was largely driven by 不良債権 accumulated during the asset bubble. Banks are required to write off or provision against NPLs under both Japanese and international accounting standards. Synonymous with the English NPL (non-performing loan).

例文

1. バブル崩壊後に銀行が多額の不良債権を抱えた。
2. 不良債権の処理が進まなければ金融システムは安定しない。
3. 中小企業向け融資の不良債権化が増加傾向にある。

使い方ガイド

場面: banking, finance, economics, corporate governance

トーン: formal

起源と歴史

Compound of 不良 (bad, defective; 不 = not + 良 = good) and 債権 (credit, receivable, financial claim). Literally 'defective receivable' — a debt that cannot properly perform its function.

文化的背景

時代: Modern

世代: Finance professionals

社会的背景: Banking/Finance