Politeness & Style

概要

この章では「Politeness & Style」に関わる日本語の文型をまとめて練習します。ルールを個別に覚えるだけでなく、実際の文の中でどう働くかまでつかめるようにするための章です。

学び終えるころには、自分で使うときも、読解や会話で聞き取るときも、それぞれの形のニュアンスを前より自然に判断しやすくなります。

テーマ

この章のJapanese Grammar Basic (13)

1. お～ (polite prefix) お A prefix attached to nouns, adjectives, and some verbs to express politeness, respect, or refinement. It elevates the social register of ...
2. お～する (humble action) おする A humble expression used when the speaker describes their own action performed for the benefit of someone of higher status. It lowers the...
3. お～になる (honorific action) おになる An honorific expression used to describe the actions of someone the speaker respects, such as a superior, teacher, or customer. It elevat...
4. 自分・じぶん (reflexive, speaker-identified) じぶん A reflexive pronoun that refers back to a human subject with whom the speaker empathises or identifies. It is used when the speaker takes...
5. 自分・じぶん (reflexive, subject-bound) じぶん A reflexive pronoun that refers back to a human subject, where the referent is determined by grammatical structure rather than the speake...
6. ～しい (adjective suffix) しい An infix attached to the stem of certain い-adjectives to indicate a quality that one can perceive, feel, or sense subjectively. It often ...
7. って (colloquial topic marker) って A colloquial particle used to introduce or highlight a topic in casual speech. It functions similarly to は but carries a more informal, c...
8. って (colloquial quotation) って A colloquial quotation marker used to report what someone said or what one heard. It is a casual equivalent of と (quotation particle).
9. 様・さま (honorific suffix) さま A suffix attached to names and certain nouns to indicate the speaker's deep respect or politeness toward the person referred to. It is mo...
10. 君・くん (familiar suffix) くん A suffix attached to the first or last name of a male equal or to the first or last name of a younger male, expressing familiarity and a ...
11. 屋・や (store/trade suffix) や A suffix attached to names of stores, inns, and Japanese-style restaurants, or to words describing a trade or occupation, indicating a pl...
12. 方・かた (way of doing) かた A noun-forming suffix that indicates a way or manner in which one does something. It attaches to the verb stem to create a noun meaning '...
13. 毎・まい (every) まい A prefix meaning 'every' that attaches to units of time to express regular repetition or habitual occurrence.