首府

• ピンイン: shǒu fǔ
• 漢字の分解: 首 = pictograph of a head — extended to mean 'leading, chief'; 府 = 广 + 付 (shelter + administer — an official residence or government building)

意味

首府（行政区域の首都・中心都市）

In Chinese administrative usage, 首府 most often refers to the capital of an autonomous region (e.g., 呼和浩特 is the 首府 of Inner Mongolia), distinguishing it from 首都 (capital of a sovereign nation) and 省会 (provincial capital). In international usage, it can render any administrative capital. Key collocations: 自治区首府 (capital of an autonomous region); 联邦首府 (federal capital).

例文

1. 内罗毕是肯尼亚的首府，也是东非重要的经济和金融中心。
2. 拉萨是西藏自治区首府，布达拉宫与大昭寺和现代设施交织并存。
3. 因局势恶化，多个国际组织已把驻该首府的办事处迁往邻国。

使い方ガイド

場面: geography, politics, international affairs, administration

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 乌鲁木齐是新疆维吾尔自治区的首府，也是中国最内陆的城市之一。(Ürümqi is the capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and one of China's most inland cities.)
• 堪培拉作为澳大利亚首府，是为缓和悉尼与墨尔本竞争而规划的。(Canberra, as Australia's capital, was planned to ease the rivalry between Sydney and Melbourne.)

避ける言い方

• 首府 interchangeably with 首都 for national capitals — 首都 is the standard term for the capital of a sovereign state (e.g., 北京是中国的首都), while 首府 is preferred for sub-national administrative capitals such as autonomous regions or territories; mixing the two can sound imprecise in formal or official contexts

起源と歴史

首 (head; first; leading) + 府 (official residence; government seat — 广 shelter + 付 to give/administer)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal