实事求是

• ピンイン: shí shì qiú shì
• 漢字の分解: 实 = 宀 + 贯 (real); 事 = 亅 + 口 + 又 (matter, affair); 求 = 水 + 十 (seek, pursue); 是 = 日 + 正 (correct, true)

意味

事実に基づいて判断する（実事求是）

One of the most important political and philosophical principles in modern Chinese governance, enshrined in Mao Zedong's 1941 essay and later made a cornerstone of Deng Xiaoping's reform-era ideology. Used in political discourse, academic writing, and everyday speech to praise evidence-based, objective approaches. Contrast: 主观臆断 (subjective conjecture), 脱离实际 (divorced from reality), 唯心主义 (idealism/wishful thinking).

例文

1. 党中央一贯强调实事求是的思想路线，要求各级干部以客观事实为依据制定政策，切忌脱离实际、主观臆断。
2. 这位研究员在论文答辩中实事求是地承认了实验数据存在的局限性，反而赢得了评审委员会的高度评价。
3. 面对复杂多变的经济形势，政府决策层坚持实事求是的原则，既不盲目乐观，也不过分悲观，稳步推进各项改革。

使い方ガイド

場面: politics, governance, academia, management, policy

トーン: authoritative

正しい言い方

• 专项整治结束后，部门应实事求是评估效果，不夸大成绩，也不回避问题。(After the special campaign ends, the department should evaluate the results realistically, neither exaggerating achievements nor avoiding problems.)
• 学术界历来将实事求是视为科学研究的基本精神，任何理论假设都必须经过严格的实证检验，方可作为正式结论加以发布。(Academia has always regarded seeking truth from facts as the fundamental spirit of scientific research; any theoretical hypothesis must undergo rigorous empirical testing before it can be published as a formal conclusion.)

避ける言い方

• 实事求是 in casual conversation to simply mean 'be honest' — in that context, 说实话 (speak the truth) or 坦诚 (be candid) is more appropriate; 实事求是 carries a formal and ideological weight that makes it sound stilted in everyday chitchat

起源と歴史

实事 (actual facts, real matters) + 求是 (seek truth, pursue correctness); from the Han dynasty text 汉书·河间献王传

文化的背景

時代: Republican era to present

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal