世袭

• ピンイン: shì xí
• 漢字の分解: 世 = 三横 + 十 (generation, world); 袭 = 龙 + 衣 (inherit — originally depicted clothing passed down)

意味

世襲（する）

Historically describes the aristocratic or monarchical system where power and status are transmitted through bloodlines. In modern usage it extends metaphorically to corporate succession (家族企业的世袭管理), political dynasties, or any situation where privilege is inherited rather than earned. Often carries a critical connotation in egalitarian discourse. Compound: 世袭制 (hereditary system), 世袭贵族 (hereditary nobility).

例文

1. 在封建社会中，爵位与封地通常由嫡长子世袭，次子及庶出子女则须另谋出路，这一制度造成了严重的阶层固化。
2. 改革者认为，应当彻底废除一切形式的世袭特权，让每个公民都能凭借自身才干平等竞争社会资源与公共职位。
3. 部分家族企业的掌舵人选仍遵循世袭逻辑，即便家族成员缺乏必要的经营能力，也被推上领导岗位，最终导致企业竞争力下滑。

使い方ガイド

場面: history, politics, corporate governance, social commentary

トーン: critical

正しい言い方

• 现代民主制度的核心价值之一便是打破世袭特权，确保公共权力通过民主选举而非血缘传承来实现合法性更替。(One of the core values of modern democratic systems is breaking hereditary privilege, ensuring that public power derives its legitimacy through democratic elections rather than bloodline succession.)
• 尽管该集团在上市后引入了职业经理人制度，但创始家族仍通过世袭的董事席位对公司重大决策保持着实质性控制。(Although the group introduced a professional manager system after listing, the founding family still maintains substantive control over major corporate decisions through inherited board seats.)

避ける言い方

• 世袭 when simply meaning 'family-run' (家族经营) or 'passed down' in a neutral craft/tradition sense — 世袭 has strong connotations of hereditary privilege in a systemic or political sense; use 传承 or 继承 for neutral inheritance of skills or property

起源と歴史

世 (generation, world) + 袭 (inherit, follow, raid) — 袭 originally meant to put on clothing passed down, hence 'to inherit'

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal