鞠躬

• ピンイン: jū gōng
• 漢字の分解: 鞠 = 革 (leather) + 匊 (phonetic) — to bend, to bow; 躬 = 身 (body) + 弓 (bow/arch) — body, to bend oneself

意味

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The act of bending the upper body forward as a formal or ceremonial gesture. In Chinese and East Asian culture, bowing is used to show respect to elders and superiors, to express gratitude (as performers do on stage), or to offer a sincere apology. The depth and duration of the bow signal the degree of formality or emotion. Also appears in the idiom 鞠躬尽瘁 (to give one's all, to serve with total dedication).

例文

1. 演出结束后，演员们走到台前深深鞠躬，向给予全场热烈掌声的观众致谢。
2. 他向多年悉心指导自己的恩师深深鞠了一躬，表达由衷的感激之情。
3. 在日本，鞠躬是最基本的日常礼节，弯腰的角度和时长因场合不同而大有讲究。

使い方ガイド

場面: ceremony, performance, etiquette, apology, gratitude

トーン: respectful

正しい言い方

• 他走上台领奖，向台下观众深深鞠了一躬，全场掌声雷动。(He walked up to receive his award and bowed deeply to the audience — the applause was thunderous.)
• 经理当众向客户鞠躬道歉，诚恳地承认了公司的失误。(The manager bowed and apologised to the client in front of everyone, sincerely acknowledging the company's mistake.)

避ける言い方

• 他鞠躬了一个点头来表示同意。(鞠躬 is a full-body forward bow, not a nod — for nodding in agreement, use 点头; for a slight forward inclination, use 欠身 or 微微弯腰)

起源と歴史

鞠 (to bend, to stoop — 革 leather + 匊 phonetic) + 躬 (body, oneself — 身 body + 弓 bow/arch, suggesting a bent posture). Together: to bend one's body. An ancient gesture documented in classical Chinese ritual texts.

文化的背景

時代: Ancient Chinese and East Asian ritual

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal