敬酒

• ピンイン: jìng jiǔ
• 漢字の分解: 敬 = reverence + action; 酒 = 氵(liquid) + 酉 (wine vessel) — alcoholic drink

意味

（相手に）杯をささげる／乾杯を申し出る

A central social ritual in Chinese dining culture. 敬酒 involves raising one's glass and offering it to another person as a sign of respect, gratitude, or goodwill. The person receiving the toast typically drinks more than the one giving it. Declining a toast can be socially awkward in many contexts. The practice is deeply embedded in business, family, and celebratory dining.

例文

1. 宴席刚开始，主人便起身向来宾逐一敬酒，气氛十分热烈。
2. 他向老领导敬酒时，双手捧杯，姿态十分恭敬。
3. 在中国的商务宴请中，敬酒的顺序和方式都有约定俗成的讲究。

使い方ガイド

場面: dining, social etiquette, business, celebration

トーン: respectful

正しい言い方

• 我来敬大家一杯，感谢今晚大家的到来。(Let me propose a toast to everyone — thank you all for coming tonight.)
• 他主动走过去向长辈敬酒，表现得很有礼貌。(He walked over proactively to offer a toast to the elders — a very polite gesture.)

避ける言い方

• 我给自己敬了一杯。(敬酒 is directed at others, not oneself — it's a social gesture, not a self-indulgent act)

起源と歴史

敬 (to respect) + 酒 (alcohol, wine). The act of offering alcohol as a gesture of respect has ancient roots in Chinese ritual and ceremony, dating back to Zhou dynasty banquet culture.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal