敬

• ピンイン: jìng
• 漢字の分解: 敬 = 苟 (careful) + 攴 (action) — to act with scrupulous care; the character for respectful conduct

意味

敬う；（杯を）捧げる

A core Confucian value. As a verb, 敬 means to show deep respect through behaviour and attitude, or to offer something respectfully (a drink, a bow). It underpins many compound words related to respect (敬爱, 敬重, 敬意). In formal speech and toasting contexts, it marks the action as one of sincere honour.

例文

1. 中国传统文化中，尊老敬祖是最基本的道德规范之一。
2. 他举杯向在座的前辈敬了一杯，表达由衷的感谢。
3. 对知识和劳动的敬与爱，是推动社会进步的重要力量。

使い方ガイド

場面: culture, etiquette, toasting, Confucian values

トーン: respectful

正しい言い方

• 我敬您一杯，感谢多年来的照顾。(Allow me to offer you a toast in gratitude for your care over the years.)
• 敬老爱幼是中华民族的传统美德。(Respecting the elderly and caring for the young is a traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.)

避ける言い方

• 我敬了他一拳。(敬 must involve sincere respect — using it with a physical blow is deliberately ironic or sarcastic, which may confuse listeners)

起源と歴史

A classical character: 攴 (action of striking/doing) + 苟 (careful, conscientious). Original meaning: to act carefully and conscientiously. The Confucian sense of reverence and respect developed from this root.

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal