饥饿

• ピンイン: jī è
• 漢字の分解: 饥 = 饣+ 几 (food radical + nearly/small, a state of nearly having no food, hunger/famine); 饿 = 饣+ 我 (food radical + I/me, the personal sensation of needing food, to be hungry)

意味

飢え（強い空腹）

饥饿 is more intense and formal than 饿 (hungry) alone. It is used in contexts ranging from personal hunger to large-scale famines: 消除饥饿 (eliminate hunger), 忍受饥饿 (endure hunger/starvation), 饥饿感 (feeling of hunger), 饥饿营销 (hunger marketing — artificial scarcity to stimulate demand). The phrase 零饥饿 (Zero Hunger) is one of the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. 饥寒交迫 (starving and freezing) describes extreme destitution.

例文

1. 在那个物质极度匮乏的年代，许多家庭长期处于饥饿状态，一顿能够填饱肚子的饭食便足以让人感到莫大的满足与幸福。
2. 联合国粮食及农业组织最新报告显示，全球仍有逾七亿人口长期遭受饥饿困扰，其中大多数集中在冲突频发、气候脆弱的发展中地区。
3. 极限运动员在挑战高强度耐力项目时，往往需要承受极度疲劳与饥饿的双重考验，科学合理的营养补给策略是完成挑战的重要保障。

使い方ガイド

場面: humanitarian, history, health, politics, general

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 消除饥饿不仅要增产粮食，还要解决分配不均、贫困购买力不足和农业基础薄弱等问题。(Ending hunger requires not only increasing food production, but also solving problems such as unequal distribution, weak purchasing power among the poor, and fragile agricultural infrastructure.)
• 长期童年饥饿的人常形成囤食和安全感不足的心理模式，这些影响有时会延续终生。(People who experienced long-term childhood hunger often develop patterns of hoarding food and lacking a sense of security, and these effects can sometimes last a lifetime.)

避ける言い方

• 饥饿 for casual 'I'm a bit hungry' — use 有点饿 or 肚子饿了 for feeling peckish; 饥饿 implies a more serious state of hunger or starvation, not mild appetite

起源と歴史

饥 (hunger/famine) + 饿 (to be hungry) — both characters share the meaning of hunger; 饥 often refers to famine/food shortage while 饿 refers to the individual sensation of being hungry; the compound intensifies and formalises the concept

文化的背景

時代: Ancient to Modern

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal