机动

• ピンイン: jī dòng
• 漢字の分解: 机 = 木 + 几 (wood + small frame, originally a loom's key mechanism; extended to machine, and also to 'critical moment/opportunity'); 动 = 重 + 力 (heavy/weighty + force/power, to set in motion, movement)

意味

機動（性）／柔軟に運用できる（予備）

机动 has several related meanings depending on context: (1) motorised/engine-powered (机动车 — motor vehicle); (2) flexible/adaptable (机动灵活 — flexible and adaptable); (3) held in reserve for flexible deployment (机动部队 — mobile reserve force; 机动资金 — reserve funds); (4) tactical manoeuvre. Common compounds: 机动性 (mobility/flexibility), 机动车辆 (motor vehicle), 机动演习 (mobile exercise).

例文

1. 应急管理部门在各地区设立了机动抢险救援队，确保在突发灾害发生时能够以最快速度调配专业力量赶赴现场，将损失降到最低。
2. 企业财务规划中通常会专门留出一部分机动资金，以应对市场突变或紧急情况，保持经营运作的弹性与抗风险能力。
3. 现代化军队强调机动作战能力的建设，通过提升部队的快速部署水平和战场应变速度，能够在复杂多变的战局中掌握战略主动权。

使い方ガイド

場面: military, emergency, finance, planning, transport

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 灾害应急体系的核心在于机动能力，只有救援力量反应快、联动强，才能及时施救。(The core of a disaster response system is mobile capability; only fast-responding rescue forces with strong coordination can provide timely aid.)
• 市场变化太快，企业制定战略时要留出机动空间，保留部分机动储备以便迅速调整。(Markets change too fast, so companies need room for flexibility in strategy and should keep some mobile reserves for quick adjustments.)

避ける言い方

• 机动 for an ordinary movement or casual change of plan — use 临时改变 for an ad hoc change; 机动 implies deliberate flexibility and reserve capacity, not a random or trivial adjustment

起源と歴史

机 (key moment/opportunity/mechanism) + 动 (movement/action) — originally meant 'opportunistic movement' — acting at the right moment; extended to mean motorised (moving by machine) and flexible (moving as opportunities dictate)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal