伙食

• ピンイン: huǒ shí
• 漢字の分解: 伙 = 人 + 火 (person + fire, a group sharing a fire and cooking together, hence companions or a team); 食 = 人 + 良 (person + good/pleasing, the act of eating, food)

意味

（食堂などの）給食・賄い／団体向けの食事供給（の質）

伙食 specifically refers to communal dining arrangements, not individual meals. It is commonly used in contexts such as 军队伙食 (army rations/mess), 学校伙食 (school canteen food), 工地伙食 (construction site meals), 伙食费 (food allowance/catering budget). The term carries connotations of collective eating and institutional provisioning, often discussed in terms of quality: 伙食好/差 (the food is good/poor), 改善伙食 (improve the catering standards).

例文

1. 部队驻扎期间，后勤保障部门竭尽全力改善士兵的伙食条件，力求在有限的物资供给下为官兵提供营养均衡、口感良好的日常餐食。
2. 随着学校对学生营养健康问题的日益重视，食堂引入了专业营养师参与菜单设计，学生们普遍反映伙食质量有了显著提升。
3. 建筑工地上的工人们在结束了一天繁重的劳动之后，围坐在简陋的餐桌旁，一边大口吃着热气腾腾的伙食，一边轻松地聊起了家乡的往事。

使い方ガイド

場面: military, school, work, daily life, catering

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 部队改革强调伙食标准化，集中采购和统一配餐并行，以降低成本并保证士兵营养。(The military reform emphasizes standardized meals, with centralized purchasing and unified meal service running in parallel to cut costs and ensure soldiers' nutrition.)
• 工厂员工对食堂伙食投诉不断，管理层决定重审供餐合同，并做满意度调查找出问题。(Employees kept complaining about the food in the factory cafeteria, so management decided to review the catering contract and conduct a satisfaction survey to find the problem.)

避ける言い方

• 伙食 for a single personal meal — use 饭菜 or 餐食 for an individual's food or a specific meal; 伙食 specifically implies a communal or institutional dining context

起源と歴史

伙 (group/partner, sharing a fire together) + 食 (food/eating) — 伙 originally meant a group of people sharing a cooking fire; 食 is the standard character for eating/food; together they denote communal eating arrangements

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Working class and institutions