官吏

• Pinyin: guān lì
• Desglose de hanzi: 官 = 宀 + 㠯 (authority); 吏 = 一 + 史 (record-keeper/functionary)

Significado

Funcionario (histórico); burócrata (tono arcaico)

Primarily used in historical, literary, and formal contexts to refer to imperial or dynastic officials. In modern usage, it can carry a somewhat archaic or critical tone when describing bureaucrats. Distinguished from 官员 by its stronger historical flavour.

Ejemplos

1. 封建时代的官吏往往通过科举考试选拔，进入仕途。
2. 史书记载，这位官吏廉洁奉公，深受百姓爱戴。
3. 腐败的官吏中饱私囊，导致国库日渐空虚。

Guía de uso

Contexto: history, literature, politics

Tono: neutral

Correcto

• 历代官吏的选拔制度对中国政治史产生了深远影响。(The selection systems for officials across dynasties had a profound impact on Chinese political history.)
• 这部小说生动描绘了清朝官吏的腐化堕落。(This novel vividly portrays the corruption and moral decay of Qing dynasty officials.)

Incorrecto

• 他是政府官吏，负责环保工作 — in modern contexts, use 官员 or 公务员; 官吏 sounds archaic and may carry negative connotations

Origen e historia

官 (official, government) + 吏 (petty official, functionary). 吏 historically referred to lower-ranking civil servants who handled administrative duties.

Contexto cultural

Época: Imperial China

Generación: All ages

Contexto social: Educated/official class