灾难

• 拼音: zāi nàn
• 汉字拆解: 灾 = disaster; 难 = difficult/hardship

含义

Catastrophe; disaster; calamity. A very serious disaster causing great suffering.

Emphasizes the suffering and tragic nature of disasters. Can be natural or man-made. Used both literally and figuratively: 生态灾难 (ecological disaster), 人道主义灾难 (humanitarian disaster). 灾难性的 (catastrophic) is the adjective form.

例句

1. 战争给人民带来了深重的灾难。
2. 这次地震是当地百年来最大的灾难。
3. 环境污染可能导致生态灾难。

用法指南

语境: news, history, tragedy

语气: serious

正确说法

• 这是一场巨大的灾难。(This is a huge catastrophe.)
• 灾难面前，人们互相帮助。(In the face of disaster, people help each other.)

错误说法

• 我的考试是灾难 (Too dramatic for everyday setbacks — use 糟糕 instead)

起源与历史

Compound of 灾 (disaster) and 难 (hardship, difficulty). Disaster bringing hardship.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal