基本

• 拼音: jī běn
• 汉字拆解: 基 = 其 (phonetic) + 土 (earth) — the earthen foundation; 本 = 木 (tree) + 一 (horizontal line at root) — the root of a tree

含义

Basic; fundamental; essential. Describes the most important, foundational aspects of something.

Used both as an adjective (基本知识 — basic knowledge, 基本原则 — fundamental principles) and adverbially (基本完成 — basically finished). It signals something is foundational or largely sufficient without being exhaustive. The adverbial use overlaps closely with 基本上.

例句

1. 这门课教的是汉语的基本知识。
2. 学一门语言，基本语法很重要。
3. 这项工作的基本要求并不高。

用法指南

语境: education, work, everyday

语气: objective

正确说法

• 你需要掌握基本词汇。(You need to master the basic vocabulary.)
• 这道菜的基本材料很简单。(The basic ingredients for this dish are very simple.)

错误说法

• 这是很基本的一个。(Avoid using 基本 alone as a pronoun. Say 这是最基本的一个 or 这是基本要求之一.)

起源与历史

Compound of 基 (foundation/base) and 本 (root/origin). Both characters independently carry meanings of foundation and origin, reinforcing the concept of something fundamental.

文化背景

世代: All ages

社会背景: Universal