训

• 병음: xùn
• 한자 분석: 训 = 讠+ 川 (speech radical + river — words flowing in a directed channel; instruction that guides like a current)

뜻

가르치다; 훈련하다; 훈계하다; 꾸짖다

As a standalone character, 训 appears in formal written and classical Chinese. Modern compounds include 教训 (lesson/reprimand), 训练 (train), 训斥 (reprimand harshly), and 圣训 (imperial edict/sacred teachings). The connotation shifts between disciplinary correction and systematic instruction based on context.

예문

1. 父亲语重心长地训了他一番，反复强调诚实做人的重要性，令他久久难以忘怀。
2. 教练在赛后严厉训斥了几名违反纪律的队员，要求他们深刻反省自身行为对团队整体表现的负面影响。
3. 古代官员定期研习圣训，以巩固对朝廷礼制规范与各项政策方针的准确理解与切实遵守。

사용 가이드

맥락: family, military, education, classical texts

어조: serious

올바른 표현

• 主管把几名迟到的员工叫进办公室训了一顿，要求他们严格遵守考勤制度。(The supervisor called the employees who had been late into the office and gave them a stern talking-to, demanding strict compliance with attendance rules.)
• 这部家训典籍凝聚了数代先贤的人生智慧，对后世子孙的品格教育产生了深远影响。(This volume of family instructions distilled the life wisdom of generations of ancestors and exerted a profound influence on the moral education of descendants.)

피해야 할 표현

• 老师训了一篇文章给学生 — 训 does not mean to write or assign; use 写 or 布置; 训 is specifically about verbal instruction, scolding, or established teachings, not written assignments

기원과 역사

训 = 讠+ 川 (speech radical + river — directing words like a river flows in a channel; to guide through language)

문화적 배경

시대: Classical/Modern

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal