国有

• 병음: guó yǒu
• 한자 분석: 国 = 囗 (enclosure) + 玉 (jade); 有 = 月 (moon/flesh) + 又 (hand) — holding something, meaning to possess

뜻

국유의; 국가 소유(통제)의

Refers to enterprises, assets, or land owned and administered by the state rather than private individuals. 国有企业 (state-owned enterprises) are a central pillar of China's economy. Often contrasted with 私有 (privately owned) or 民营 (privately operated).

예문

1. 这家大型钢铁企业是国有控股公司，在国民经济中占有重要地位。
2. 改革开放以来，许多原先国有的小企业逐步走向市场化运营。
3. 国有资产的监管工作由专门的政府机构负责。

사용 가이드

맥락: economics, business, policy, government

어조: neutral

올바른 표현

• 该集团是典型的国有大型企业，承担着重要的社会职能。(This corporation is a typical large state-owned enterprise shouldering important social responsibilities.)
• 国有土地的使用权可以依法转让，但所有权归国家。(The right to use state-owned land may be transferred in accordance with the law, but ownership belongs to the state.)

피해야 할 표현

• 我的公司是国有的 — unless the speaker's company is literally state-owned; for government-affiliated companies say 国有控股 or 政府参股

기원과 역사

国 (nation/state) + 有 (to have, to own)

문화적 배경

세대: All ages

사회적 배경: Universal