国有

• ピンイン: guó yǒu
• 漢字の分解: 国 = 囗 (enclosure) + 玉 (jade); 有 = 月 (moon/flesh) + 又 (hand) — holding something, meaning to possess

意味

国有（国が所有・支配する）

Refers to enterprises, assets, or land owned and administered by the state rather than private individuals. 国有企业 (state-owned enterprises) are a central pillar of China's economy. Often contrasted with 私有 (privately owned) or 民营 (privately operated).

例文

1. 这家大型钢铁企业是国有控股公司，在国民经济中占有重要地位。
2. 改革开放以来，许多原先国有的小企业逐步走向市场化运营。
3. 国有资产的监管工作由专门的政府机构负责。

使い方ガイド

場面: economics, business, policy, government

トーン: neutral

正しい言い方

• 该集团是典型的国有大型企业，承担着重要的社会职能。(This corporation is a typical large state-owned enterprise shouldering important social responsibilities.)
• 国有土地的使用权可以依法转让，但所有权归国家。(The right to use state-owned land may be transferred in accordance with the law, but ownership belongs to the state.)

避ける言い方

• 我的公司是国有的 — unless the speaker's company is literally state-owned; for government-affiliated companies say 国有控股 or 政府参股

起源と歴史

国 (nation/state) + 有 (to have, to own)

文化的背景

世代: All ages

社会的背景: Universal